Sitta europaea Linnaeus, 1758 · brhlík obyčajný · Eurasian Nuthatch

Distribution

It occupies extensive Eurasian woodland. In Slovakia it is a common resident breeder, especially in deciduous and mixed forests from lowlands into the mountain beech zone. Most adults remain near their territory through winter. It occurs year-round, becoming particularly vocal in spring and visiting feeders during winter foraging.

Habitat

It favours mature woodland, oak and floodplain forests, large parks and gardens with old trees. Textured bark and suitable cavities are important. It searches trunks and branches from several directions rather than moving only upwards.

Breeding

It nests in natural or woodpecker cavities and accepts boxes. Mud is used to reduce the entrance to a suitable size, with bark flakes forming the lining. The female usually lays 5–8 eggs and incubates them; both parents feed the young.

Food

It takes insects and spiders from bark, adding seeds and nuts in colder months. Some food is hidden in crevices and retrieved later.

Interesting fact

Unlike treecreepers it can descend a trunk headfirst. Hard seeds and nuts are wedged into cracks and opened with powerful blows of the bill.

Sources: Slovak Wikipedia · English Wikipedia · BTO BirdFacts