Milvus milvus - Red Kite

Milvus milvus (Linnaeus, 1758) · haja červená · Red Kite

Accipitriformes(hawks, eagles and allies)Accipitridae(hawks and eagles)
Alternative and historical names

Slovak names

  1. haja červená (Kovalik 2010)
  2. haja červená (Matoušek 1990)
  3. haja červená (Ferianc 1987)

English names

  1. Red Kite (IOC 2.5 2010)
  2. Kite (BOU 1923)

Scientific names

  1. Milvus milvus (AviList 2026)
  2. Milvus milvus (IOC 15.2 2026)
  3. Milvus milvus (IOC 2.5 2010)
  4. Milvus milvus (BOU 1923)

Taxonomic synonyms

  1. Falco milvus (Linnaeus, 1758)
  2. Milvus milvus (Linnaeus, 1758)

Species characteristics in Slovakia

General occurrence
migrant / M
Breeding
rare nidificant / Nr
Migration
uncommon transmigrant / Tu
Wintering
uncommon wintering / Wu
Status in Slovakia: Rarity: Uncommon Status in Slovakia: present Origin: original
Rarities committee:
Does not require any reporting or registration by Raritties commitee

Conservation — Red Lists

Slovakia 2023breeding population
Breeding population Period: 2013–2023 Source: Demko M. a kol. 2025: Červený zoznam vtákov Slovenska: aktualizácia 2013 – 2023. Tichodroma 37: 107–117. Online 18. 1. 2026. DOI: 10.31577/tichodroma.2025.37.18. Príloha 1, s. 116, riadok 30, stĺpec 6 Criteria: D Category downgraded by 1 level due to surrounding populations.
Europe 2021
Population scope unspecified Source: BirdLife International 2021: European Red List of Birds. Publications Office of the European Union, Luxembourg. Reported in: Demko M. a kol. 2025: Červený zoznam vtákov Slovenska: aktualizácia 2013 – 2023. Tichodroma 37: 107–117. Online 18. 1. 2026. DOI: 10.31577/tichodroma.2025.37.18. Príloha 1, s. 116, riadok 30, stĺpec 4
World 2025
Species Source: BirdLife International 2025: Species factsheets. Citované v Demko a kol. 2025, prístup 16. 4. 2025. Reported in: Demko M. a kol. 2025: Červený zoznam vtákov Slovenska: aktualizácia 2013 – 2023. Tichodroma 37: 107–117. Online 18. 1. 2026. DOI: 10.31577/tichodroma.2025.37.18. Príloha 1, s. 116, riadok 30, stĺpec 3
Previous assessments
Slovakia 2013
Breeding population Period: 2002–2012 Source: Demko M., Krištín A. & Pačenovský S. 2014: Červený zoznam vtákov Slovenska. SOS/BirdLife Slovensko, Bratislava. Zdroj stĺpca SK 2013 podľa poznámky 5 prílohy Demko a kol. 2025. Reported in: Demko M. a kol. 2025: Červený zoznam vtákov Slovenska: aktualizácia 2013 – 2023. Tichodroma 37: 107–117. Online 18. 1. 2026. DOI: 10.31577/tichodroma.2025.37.18. Príloha 1, s. 116, riadok 30, stĺpec 5 Category downgraded by 1 level due to surrounding populations.

Observation map

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Detailed species observation statistics

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Source: the Birding.sk database. Counts reflect observer contributions, not population size.

About this species

Distribution

Red Kite's current breeding range is concentrated in Europe. Some populations migrate to milder regions while others remain year-round. In Slovakia it is a local, scarce breeder, especially in western and northeastern areas. Passage and regular wintering also occur at suitable sites. Historical winter estimates close to zero no longer describe this pattern.

Habitat

It needs mosaics of meadows, pastures and fields with woodland or tall tree groups. Hunting birds slowly inspect open country and roadsides; quiet trees provide resting and nesting places.

Breeding

A stick nest is built in a tree and often reused. The female performs most incubation of usually two or three eggs while the male brings food. Young remain dependent after first flights.

Food

It hunts small animals and takes carrion and scraps. Scavenging exposes it to poisoned bait and secondary poisoning.

Interesting fact

The deeply forked rusty tail constantly adjusts flight direction. Black Kite has a similar outline but usually a less pronounced fork.

Sources: Slovak Wikipedia · English Wikipedia · Red List of the birds of Slovakia · Raptor Protection of Slovakia: winter census 2026

Explore further

Overview and identification

Descriptions, identification and names.

  • Slovak Wikipedia ↗

    Taxon account in Slovak: distribution, biology and references for further reading.

    https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haja_%C4%8Derven%C3%A1
  • English Wikipedia ↗

    Taxon account in English: distribution, biology and taxonomic context.

    https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red_kite
  • Raptor Protection of Slovakia: winter census 2026 ↗

    Results of the 2026 winter raptor census in the Pannonian region.

    https://www.dravce.sk/web/index.php/sk/aktuality-2026/1852-vysledky-zimneho-scitania-dravych-vtakov-v-panonskom-regione-2026

Data and research

Occurrences, distribution and research.

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